Improvement in cooking-stoves



P. P. STEWART.

Cooking Stove;

Patented June 23, 1863.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

PHILO P. STEWART, OF TROY, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN COOKlNG-STOVES.

Specification forming part ofLetters Patent No. 39,092. dated June 23, 1863.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHILO P. STEWART, of the city of Troy, county of Rensselaer, and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Cooking-Stoves; and. I do hereby declare the following to be a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being hereby had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, and making a part of this specification.

Like letters represent and refer to like or corresponding parts.

Figure 1 is a view with the several covers of or in the top plate removed, and looking down into the fire-box and upon the topv of the oven and the gas-burner, hereinafter described. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the fire-box and lower front part of the oven across the stove and lengthwise of the saidfirebox on the line y, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a ver-' tical section lengthwise of the stove, and showing various parts and improvements hereinafter described, and on the line as, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse section horizontally, showing the flue-plate and the construction thereof, and hereinafter described. v

The nature of my invention and improvements consists in the construction of an airchamber upon each side of the fire-chamber, and an air-chamber upon each end of the said fire-chamber, and admitting air therefrom into the fire through apertures in the fire-brick or iron plates, as the case may be, at various points or places between the bottom of the said fire-chamber and the top of the same, whereby the air to aid combustion and to consume the gases enters the fire upon every side thereof and at varying places.

It also consists in the-construction and employment of ribs or upward projections extending along or near the front edge of the top oven-plate and near the top of the back of the said fire-chamber, whereby and by means of which the escaping gases are consumed by means of the air admitted to said gases from the oven through apertures in the said ribs or upward projections, and which said air is admitted to the oven through apertures in or near the top of the front doors thereof, and thence through the oven to the said ribs or upward projections, as hereinafter described and set forth.

It also consists in the combination ofa broa'd sheet-flue inclined from rear to front, with hollow wall or space upon each side of the stove and immediately below the bottom plate of the oven, whereby the bottom plate of the oven is more evenly heated and the heat longer retained. c

It also consists in a corrugated oven-top for the purpose of obtaining a greater amount of heated or radiatingsurface for baking or cooking purposes than by a smooth or even plate.

struct the air-chamber W, Fig. 3. This airchamber extends the entire length and height of the front of the said fire chambcr, and opens into the ash-chamber below, while it is closed at each end of the said fire-chamber. This chamber communicates with the fire-chamber M by means of the apertures V through the plate and fire-brick I, Fig. 3. Upon the opposite side of the said fire-chamber I construct a corresponding air-chamber, X, which is made in the same manner as the said airchamber W,

and which also communicates with the said fire-chamber through'the apertures N in the fire-brick E, Figs. 1 and 3. This air-chamber has also closed ends at the respective ends of the said fire-chamber, and alsoopens its full length into the said ash-chamber below. 7 I Upon the rear end of the said fire-chamber I construct the air-chamber 0, Fig. 2, which is between the fire-brick G and the outside plate of the stove. This chamber opens below into the said ash-chamber, and is closed at each end thereof by the closed ends of the respective air-chambers W and X, Fig. 3. This chamber communicates with the fire-chamber M by means of apertures 0, Fig. 2, and is the full-height and width of that end of the said aaoz 2 fire-chamber. I also construct upon the front end of the said fire-chamber the air-chamber P, Fig. 2. This chamber is constructed between the fire-brick H and a plate between the said chamber and the door U, Fig.2. This chamber also opens into the said ash-chamber below, and communicates with the said firechamber by means of apertures '13, Fig. 2, through the fire-brick H, same figure. This chamber is also the full height and width of that end of the said fire-chamber. These respective chambers W, X, 0, and P are separate and distinct air-chani bers, and each opens, as aforesaid, into the said ash-chamber below and each comm unicates with the said fire-chamber by meansof the aforesaid apertures, and may each be of any capacity required. These chambers receive air from the said ash-chamberbelow,and seen at Q, Figs.2 and3. The air which enters these chambers serves a twofold purpose: First, it preserves the fire-brick or iron partitions G and H, Fig. 2, and the firebrick or iron partitions I and E, Fig. 3, from any undue wear or destruction by reason of the heat from the fire in the said fire-chamber, for the back part of the said fire-brick or iron partitions will be kept somewhat cool by reason of the air continually entering the said respective air-chambers W, X, 0, and P; and, second, it enters the fire from said chambers through the aforesaid apertures at different and various points or places upon each and every side of the said fire, whereby the combustion of the fuel is greatly aided and the gases more thoroughly consumed, by means of which a greater amount of heat is obtained from less quantity of fuel. The air to supply said air'chambers enters the ash-chamber Q, Figs. 2 and 3, through the damper S, Fig. 2, which is in the lower part of the door U, same figure, and thence enters said chambers at the bottom or lower part of each.

B B, Fig. 1, are ribs or upward projections constructed upon and extending along at or near the front part or edge of the top ovenplate A, Fig. 1, and just back of the top or upper part of the rear part of the said firechamber M, Figs. 1 and 2, as shown at Fig. 1. These ribs or projections operate in combination with the oven and the apertures I in the front doors, Y, Fig. 3. The upper part of these ribs or upward projections contain many apertures, a, which are for the purpose of admitting the air in the oven R, Figs. 2 and 3,

to the gases or escaping products of combustion, by means of which the same become ignited, and thereby economizes in the use of fuel and communicates a greater amount of heat to the oven, because it contributes largely to the heat arising or circulating from the fire in the said fire-chamber, and at the same time consumes the said escaping products of combustion, which otherwise would pass off with the current or draft through the exit-pipe. These ribs or upward projections may extend or continueupward to any required height, and

may be of any size or capacity required, and may have any number of apertures thought best. These'ribs open directly into the oven at their respective lower parts, and thereby radiate more heat into the said oven by means of exposingthereto a greater amount of heated surface.

A, Figs. 2, 3, and 4, is a broad sheet of iron inclined on an angle from rear ,to front, as

shown at Fig. 3. By this arrangement there is constructed under the bottom plate of the said oven one broad return-flue with the front end nearer the under side of the bottom plate of the said oven which is for the purpose of forcing the current of heated air more strongly against that part of the said oven-plate, so as to equalize the heat of the oven and cause that part tobake as evenly and with as'much rapidity as the rear part of the oven, because the heated current of air which enters this flue at the rear end thereof becomes somewhat cool in its passage thereunder, and, by being gradually pressed or confined in its passage along the bottom of the oven by'means of the said inclined plate, all the heat is savedand evenly thus communicated to the oven when taken in connection with the air-chambers h h at each side of the oven, Fig. 2. These chambers are of small capacity and are made such by a downward-projecting flange, b b, on each side thereof, and which are to prevent the cooling of the current of hot air in its passage through the said angle and broad flue, by means of the coldair outside of the stove, and penetrating the outside plate of the stove, whereby the extreme sides of the said oven become as much heated as the center or any other .part thereof, which makes the entire oven a perfect and more even baker, or for other cooking purposes. The broad flue-plate A, Fig., is covered upon the upper surface thereof with small bars crossing each other at right angles, and seen at H, same figure, which is for the purpose of retaining a large amount of heat, and that for a longer time, underneath the said oven than by any other means now in use.

Z, Figs. 3 and 4, is a flue communicating with the fire-chamber M in a direct manner when the damper D, Figs. 1 and 3, is opened, and when closed communicating therewith in asomewhat circuitous manner by means of the broad return-flue under the oven andhereinbeforedescribed.

J, Figs. 1 and 3, is the top plateof the stove.

K, Fig. 1, is the exit-pipe.

Y, Fig. 3, represents the front doors of the oven, and E the hearth.

A A, Fig. 1, show the corrugation of the top plate of the oven, whereby a greater amount of surface is exposed in a highly-heated condition to the oven, by means of which baking, &c., is greatly facilitated and more heat retained in the stove from the same amount of fuel.

0, Fig. 1, is a bridge for the purpose of dividing the current and directing the same over the said respective ribs or upward projections B B, same figure.

This stove economizes the fuel and saves, retains, and more evenly distributes the heat for baking and cooking purposes, and operates with greater ease and rapidity, and will perform good, reliable, and sufficient service for more years than any other stove now in use for cooking purposes.

Having thus described my invention and improvements in cooking-stoves, whatI claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is- 1. The separate and independent air-chambers W, X, 0, and P, each separately communicating with the ash'chamber Q, and having perforated sides I, E, G, and H, communicating with the fire-chamber M, in combination with the ash-chamber Q, the whole 10 ing arranged and combined in the manner substantially as herein described and set forth.

2. The ribs or upward projections B B, hav- 4. The corrugated oven-plate A, in combi-v nation with the ribs or upward projections B B, with apertures therein, and with the oven R, in the manner substantially herein described and set forth.

In testimony whereof I have, on this 11th day of October, 1862, hereto set my hand.

P. P. STEWART.

Witnesses MARCUS P. NORTON, D. LANE. 

